Process for welding



W. A. PRATT V PROCESS FOR WELDING.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.2, 1920.

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1,366,593. Patented Jan. 25,1921. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

A I I I I I I I I I I,

' :is a division.

"UNITED STATES PATENT oer-"ice.

WILLIAM A. PRATT, or BAYONNE, NEW JERS Y,- ASSIGNOR TO THE M. w. xnnnoee GOMBANY, or new YORK, .N'. Y., A CORPORATION or DELAWARE rnocnss roBfWELnINe,

1,366,593. Original application filed January 13,

To all tch-omit I Be it known that I, WILLIAM A. PnA'rn a citizen of the United residing at Bayonne, in the county of Hudson and btate of New Jersey, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Processes for Weld.

'edgenof one of the layers of metal partially to overlap the edge of the other. I have also invented an apparatus. for carrying out my herein described process, said apparatus being described and claimed in my application, Serial No. 270,995ffiled Jan. 13, 191-9, now United States- Letters. Patent No.

1,343,277, issued'June 15,- 1920, of thea-pplication for which patent this application Other objects and advantages of; my invention will be apparent to those'skilled in the art from reading this specification thereof. v

In the drawings, which show one formof .welding machine for practising this invention Figure 1 is an elevation of such a machine and includes a tank, the bottom and sides of which are to be welded, certain pal'tsrbeing 7 shown in section.

Fig. 2 is a detail View of the welding jaws of said machine, showing their position with relation to the parts to be welded, before pressure has been applied. 7

Fig. 3 shows the same parts after pressure has been applied and clearly indicatesthe effect upon the parts to .be welded.

Fig. 4 shows the same parts when the operation has been completed and clearly shows how the strong weld is obtained. 7

Fig. 5 is an end elevation of the cylinder or tank, showing the proportionate size of the welding jaws and the effect of the bending of the parts of the tank in the welding operation.

- ence characters refer to similar parts.

Specification of Letters .Batent.

, the desired results.

, members to be welded.

jaws are closed (as shown in Fig. 4), fpar- Patented Jan. .25, 1921.

1919, semi No. erases. Divided and this application filed March '2, 1920. Serial No, 362,776.

The apparatus which I have shown in the drawings is mounted on wheels 1, running on tracks 2, resting on the rigid foundation 3. Themachine itself comprises a frame 4, and an upper member 5, secured thereto. A lower member 6 is pivotally secured to the frame and upper member, the fulcrum being at 7, Detachahly mounted on the upper and lower members are two jaws, Sand 9, respectively, which are of-special shape and pattern forthe purpose of accomplishing The lower member 6 and jaw 9 are actuated by a piston 10 contained .a-n ai-rchamber 11, having two ports 12 and 13,-the air-chamber bein attached to the upper frame 5 of my mac ine by means of a pin 14:. The'whole machine is moved along the track 2 by means of a lever 15.

On the same foundation is mounted framework. for holding the article to be welded in its proper position. This framework comprises, in this specific case, roller saddles with four rollers 16, arranged to carry a cylinder or tank 17. It also com prises another roller 18 which acts as aback stop for the tank. The tank itself consists of .an outer cylindrical shell 19 and a concave bottom member 20.

In the apparatus shown, the jaws 8 and '9 are shaped as follows: The upper jaw 8 has a flat surface 21 against which the edges of the jaws. This jaw also has a curved surface 22; the curve is gentle rather than abrupt, leaving the fiat surface 21 at an angle not far from the perpendicular and curving slowly toward the perpendicular so as to present a surface that is concave toward the p The lower jaw 9 also has a flat surface 23 which, when the 'tially abuts against the flat surface 21, o the upper jaw. There is also a curved surface 24 on the lower jaw, the first *pa rt'of which has substantially the same radius of curvature .as the surface 22; it presents, however, a

convex surface; toward the members to be welded. Theouter part of the surface 24 is comparatively sharply curved, ending finally in a surface 25 "that is parallel to the 4 surfaces 21 and 23.

In carrying out my process on said machine, the machine itself is first inoved back on the track by depression of the lever 15 in order to give room for the placing and heating of the article to be welded. Compressed piston 10, lowering the jaw 9, and increasing the space between the jaws 8 and 9. The cylinder or tank is then placed on the roll ers l6 and against the roller 18, the rollers being so arranged that the portion of the tank to be welded will be horizontally opposite the space between. the two jaws 8 and 9. This portion of the tank is then brought air is introduced into-the cylinder 11, through the port 18, thereby raising the to a welding heat by any suitable means (for example, by means of a portable gasfur nace). After this has been accomplished, the machine is pushed along thetracks, 2,

until the tank and shown in Fig. 2;

The pressure in'the lower part of the aircylinder 11 is then released and compressed air is introduced into the port 12, forcing down the piston 10, turning the lower memtoward the tank. 17 by raising the lever 15 jaws assume the position her 6 of the machine on its fulcrum 7, and

-edge, as is clearly shown inFig. 3.

raisingthe jaw 9. The awsyare so designed and positioned that as the lower one rises, it slightly liftsthe end of the tank, at the same time bending both shell 19. and the bottom 20 of the tank; In view of'the fact that the shell is held against longitudinal motion by the roller 18, the result of this combined lifting and bending is to slide the bottom of the tank an appreciable distance into the shell, at the same time cupping the The curvature in the shell and bottom ,of the tank resulting from this operation prevents any further relative motion between the jaws and the parts of the tank. Hence forth, the result of the comingtogether of the jaws is to pull the edge of the shell partly over the edge of the bottom of the tank, in the manner clearly shown in Fig. 4:. Fig. 5' also. shows-this effect, the left side of the drawing showing the proportionate parture from my invention layers of metal coiiipris n widths of shell and tank-bottom before welding and the right side showing their proportionate widths after welding.

Although I'have described only one form of apparatus for carrying out my process andaccomplishing the desiredresult, I am messes edge of-the other, and subjecting thelayers to pressureso that the projecting edge partly overlaps the other-to weld the layers within the bent portions.

2. r The process of welding two. contacting layers of metal comprising bringing the edges to be welded ,to welding temperature, bending the layers transversely, and subjecting them to the bending. v

3. The process of welding two contacting layers, of metal comprising bringing the layers', adjacent their edges, to. welding temperature, bending the layers transversely, and subjecting-them to pressure simultanepressure simultaneously with ously with the bending, so that one edge overlaps the other when the process is completed.

4. The process of welding a head in ,a'

metal cylinder comprising placing the head and cylinder in contact around a circumferential zone on; the inside of the metal cylinder, bringing the contacting portions of cylinder and head to welding temperature, bending the cylinder and headtoward' the axis of the cylinder, and forcing the two together simultaneously with the bending, to weld the same. a

5. The process of welding a head in a metal cylinder comprising placing the head and cylinder in contact around acircumferential zone on the'inside of the metal cylinder, bringing the contacting portions'of cylinder and head to welding temperature,

bending thecylinder and head toward the of the cylinder, and'forcing the two together to weld the same, the edges of the.

axis of the cylinder, and forcing the two together simultaneously with the bendingyto weld the same, the edges'of the cylinder and r aware that other and difierent apparatus may be-,used for suchpurpose without deprotection for all methods' practising my process that comewithin-the scopeof my invention, as definedin th'eappendedclaims, a

What I claim is! 1. The processfj of weld" ers, adjacent; their edges, to welding temperature, bending the layers 'transyersely so that the edge of one layer recedes from the and desire .metal cylinder comprising placing the head: and cylinder in contact around a circumferential zone on the inside of the metal .cyl-

was; ngihg the lay-u of thehead: being deformed and the edge of the cylinder being forced over and pressed into the edge of the head while the two are being pressed together. 1 v

7 The'proc'e ssjof welding a head in a inder, bringing the contacting portions'of cylinderand head to welding temperature,. holding the cylinder against longitudinal,

,motion, bendin the head cylinderl'toward the axis 0 the-cylinder so that-the edgeof the head recedes from the edge'of the cylinder, and forcing head and cylinder together to weld the same, the edges of the cylinder and of the head being deformed and the edge of the cylinder being forced over and pressed into the edge of the head while the two are being pressed together.

8. The process of welding a head in a metal cylinder comprising placing the head and cylinder in contact around a circumferential zone on the inside of the metal cylinder, bringing the contacting portions of cylinder and head to welding temperature, bending the cylinder and the head, and forcing the two together to weld the same, the edges of the cylinder and the headbeing deformed and the edge of the one on the outside of the curve resulting from the bending operation being forced over and pressed into the edge of the other while the two are being pressed together.

9. Theprocess of welding two plates comprising bringing their surfaces into contact and then subjecting them to pressure on opposite sides in directions inclined to the perpendicular to the original surfaces of the plates.

10. The process of welding two layers of metal comprising placing a surface of each with the bending so that the projecting edge is upset so as to overlap the other.

11. The process ofwelding two contacting parallel portions of sheet metal comprising (V bringing the said portions adjacent their edges to welding temperature, subjecting 1 said portions to welding pressure transverse to their contacting surfaces,'and bending said portions transversely of their contacting surfaces simultaneously with the application of the welding pressure.

12. Theprocess of welding two contacting parallel portions of sheet metal comprising, bringing the said portions, adjacent the edges, to welding temperature, subjecting said portions to welding pressure, transverse to their contacting surfaces, and bending said portions transversely"of their contacting surfaces and'also drawing said portions one on the other simultaneously with the application of the welding pressure.

WILLIAM A. PRATT. 

